A speculum (plural specula) most generically is an instrument used for examining canals or openings in the body, such as the vaginal canal, nose, or even the eyelids. In gynecology vaginal specula and endocervical specula are used to open the vaginal canal or cervical canal for examination and/or various procedures.

The Kogan Endocervical Speculum is the most popular brand name used by the physician. They come with or without the measuring ratchet. Some come with a set screw instead of the measuring ratchet. There are generally two styles of blades, narrow and standard. Narrow is used more for the stenotic (tight) cervix.